(Heidelberg Catechism, extended... part 11)
38. Lord's Day
Q. 103.
What does God require in the fourth commandment?
A.
First,
that the ministry of the gospel
and the schools be maintained; (a)
and that I,
especially on the sabbath,
that is, on the day of rest,
diligently frequent the church of God, (b)
to hear his word, (c)
to use the sacraments, (d)
publicly to call upon the Lord, (e)
and contribute to the relief of the poor. (f)
Secondly,
that all the days of my life
I cease from my evil works,
and yield myself to the Lord, to work by his Holy Spirit in me:
and thus begin in this life the eternal sabbath. (g)
(a)
Tit.1:5 For this cause left I thee in Crete, that thou shouldest set
in order the things that are wanting, and ordain elders in every city,
as I had appointed thee:
2 Tim.3:14 But continue thou in the things which thou hast learned and
hast been assured of, knowing of whom thou hast learned them;
2 Tim.3:15 And that from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures,
which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is
in Christ Jesus.
1 Tim.5:17 Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double
honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.
1 Cor.9:11 If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great
thing if we shall reap your carnal things?
1 Cor.9:13 Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things
live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are
partakers with the altar?
1 Cor.9:14 Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the
gospel should live of the gospel.
2 Tim.2:2 And the things that thou hast heard of me among many
witnesses, the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to
teach others also.
(b)
Ps.40:10 I have not hid thy righteousness within my heart; I have
declared thy faithfulness and thy salvation: I have not concealed thy
lovingkindness and thy truth from the great congregation.
Ps.40:11 Withhold not thou thy tender mercies from me, O LORD: let thy
lovingkindness and thy truth continually preserve me.
Ps.68:27 There is little Benjamin with their ruler, the princes of
Judah and their council, the princes of Zebulun, and the princes of
Naphtali.
Acts 2:42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and
fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers.
Acts 2:46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple,
and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with
gladness and singleness of heart,
(c)
1 Tim.4:13 Till I come, give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to
doctrine.
1 Cor.14:19 Yet in the church I had rather speak five words with my
understanding, that by my voice I might teach others also, than ten
thousand words in an unknown tongue.
1 Cor.14:29 Let the prophets speak two or three, and let the other
judge.
1 Cor.14:31 For ye may all prophesy one by one, that all may learn,
and all may be comforted.
(d)
1 Cor.11:33 Wherefore, my brethren, when ye come together to eat,
tarry one for another.
(e)
1 Tim.2:1 I exhort therefore, that, first of all, supplications,
prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks, be made for all men;
1 Tim.2:2 For kings, and for all that are in authority; that we may
lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty.
1 Tim.2:3 For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our
Saviour;
1 Tim.2:8 I will therefore that men pray every where, lifting up holy
hands, without wrath and doubting.
1 Tim.2:9 In like manner also, that women adorn themselves in modest
apparel, with shamefacedness and sobriety; not with broided hair, or
gold, or pearls, or costly array;
1 Tim.2:10 But (which becometh women professing godliness) with good
works.
1 Tim.2:11 Let the woman learn in silence with all subjection.
1 Cor.14:16 Else when thou shalt bless with the spirit, how shall he
that occupieth the room of the unlearned say Amen at thy giving of
thanks, seeing he understandeth not what thou sayest?
(f)
1 Cor.16:2 Upon the first day of the week let every one of you lay by
him in store, as God hath prospered him, that there be no gatherings
when I come.
(g)
Isa.66:23 And it shall come to pass, that from one new moon to
another, and from one sabbath to another, shall all flesh come to
worship before me, saith the LORD.
39. Lord's Day
Q. 104.
What does God require in the fifth commandment?
A.
That I show all honour, love and fidelity,
to my father and mother,
and all in authority over me,
and submit myself to their good instruction and correction,
with due obedience; (a)
and also patiently bear with their weaknesses and infirmities, (b)
since it pleases God to govern us by their hand. (c)
(a)
Eph.5:22 Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the
Lord.
Eph.6:1 Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right.
Eph.6:2 Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment
with promise;)
Eph.6:3 That it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on
the earth.
Eph.6:4 And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring
them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.
Eph.6:5 Servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according
to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as
unto Christ;
Col.3:18 Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as it is fit
in the Lord.
Col.3:20 Children, obey your parents in all things: for this is well
pleasing unto the Lord.
Col.3:21 Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be
discouraged.
Col.3:22 Servants, obey in all things your masters according to the
flesh; not with eyeservice, as menpleasers; but in singleness of
heart, fearing God:
Col.3:23 And whatsoever ye do, do it heartily, as to the Lord, and not
unto men;
Col.3:24 Knowing that of the Lord ye shall receive the reward of the
inheritance: for ye serve the Lord Christ.
Prov.1:8 My son, hear the instruction of thy father, and forsake not
the law of thy mother:
Prov.4:1 Hear, ye children, the instruction of a father, and attend to
know understanding.
Prov.15:20 A wise son maketh a glad father: but a foolish man
despiseth his mother.
Prov.20:20 Whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be
put out in obscure darkness.
Exod.21:17 And he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely
be put to death.
Rom.13:1 Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there
is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.
Rom.13:2 Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the
ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves
damnation.
Rom.13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil.
Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and
thou shalt have praise of the same:
Rom.13:4 For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou
do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in
vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon
him that doeth evil.
Rom.13:5 Wherefore ye must needs be subject, not only for wrath, but
also for conscience sake.
Rom.13:6 For for this cause pay ye tribute also: for they are God's
ministers, attending continually upon this very thing.
Rom.13:7 Render therefore to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute
is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honour to whom
honour.
(b)
Prov.23:22 Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not
thy mother when she is old.
Gen.9:24 And Noah awoke from his wine, and knew what his younger son
had done unto him.
Gen.9:25 And he said, Cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants shall he
be unto his brethren.
1 Pet.2:18 Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not
only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward.
(c)
Eph.6:4 And, ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath: but bring
them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord.
Eph.6:9 And, ye masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing
threatening: knowing that your Master also is in heaven; neither is
there respect of persons with him.
Col.3:19 Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.
Col.3:20 Children, obey your parents in all things: for this is well
pleasing unto the Lord.
Col.3:21 Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be
discouraged.
Rom.13:2 Whosoever therefore resisteth the power, resisteth the
ordinance of God: and they that resist shall receive to themselves
damnation.
Rom.13:3 For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil.
Wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? do that which is good, and
thou shalt have praise of the same:
Matt.22:21 They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them,
Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto
God the things that are God's.
40. Lord's Day
Q. 105.
What does God require in the sixth commandment?
A.
That neither in thoughts,
nor words, nor gestures,
much less in deeds,
I dishonour, hate, wound, or kill my neighbour,
by myself or by another: (a)
but that I lay aside all desire of revenge: (b)
also, that I hurt not myself,
nor wilfully expose myself to any danger. (c)
Wherefore also the magistrate is armed with the sword,
to prevent murder. (d)
(a)
Matt.5:21 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou
shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the
judgment:
Matt.5:22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother
without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever
shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but
whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.
Matt.26:52 Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his
place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.
Gen.9:6 Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed:
for in the image of God made he man.
(b)
Eph.4:26 Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your
wrath:
Rom.12:19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place
unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith
the Lord.
Matt.5:25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art in the
way with him; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the
judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cast
into prison.
Matt.18:35 So likewise shall my heavenly Father do also unto you, if
ye from your hearts forgive not every one his brother their
trespasses.
(c)
Rom.13:14 But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision
for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.
Col.2:23 Which things have indeed a shew of wisdom in will worship,
and humility, and neglecting of the body; not in any honour to the
satisfying of the flesh.
Matt.4:7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not
tempt the Lord thy God.
(d)
Gen.9:6 Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed:
for in the image of God made he man.
Exod.21:14 But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to
slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may
die.
Matt.26:52 Then said Jesus unto him, Put up again thy sword into his
place: for all they that take the sword shall perish with the sword.
Rom.13:4 For he is the minister of God to thee for good. But if thou
do that which is evil, be afraid; for he beareth not the sword in
vain: for he is the minister of God, a revenger to execute wrath upon
him that doeth evil.
Q. 106.
But this commandment seems only to speak of murder?
A.
In forbidding murder,
God teaches us, that he abhors the causes thereof,
such as envy, (a)
hatred, (b)
anger, (c)
and desire of revenge;
and that he accounts all these as murder. (d)
(a)
Prov.14:30 A sound heart is the life of the flesh: but envy the
rottenness of the bones.
Rom.1:29 Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication,
wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate,
deceit, malignity; whisperers,
(b)
1 John 2:9 He that saith he is in the light, and hateth his brother,
is in darkness even until now.
1 John 2:11 But he that hateth his brother is in darkness, and walketh
in darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because that darkness
hath blinded his eyes.
(c)
James 1:20 For the wrath of man worketh not the righteousness of God.
Gal.5:19 Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these;
Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,
Gal.5:20 Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath,
strife, seditions, heresies,
Gal.5:21 Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of
the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past,
that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.
(d)
1 John 3:15 Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know
that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.
Q. 107.
But is it enough that we do not kill any man
in the manner mentioned above?
A.
No:
for when God forbids envy, hatred, and anger,
he commands us to love our neighbour as ourselves; (a)
to show patience, peace, meekness, mercy,
and all kindness, towards him, (b)
and prevent his hurt as much as in us lies; (c)
and that we do good, even to our enemies. (d)
(a)
Matt.7:12 Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do
to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.
Matt.22:39 And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy
neighbour as thyself.
Rom.12:10 Be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love; in
honour preferring one another;
(b)
Eph.4:2 With all lowliness and meekness, with longsuffering,
forbearing one another in love;
Gal.6:1 Brethren, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are
spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meekness; considering
thyself, lest thou also be tempted.
Gal.6:2 Bear ye one another's burdens, and so fulfil the law of
Christ.
Matt.5:5 Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth.
Matt.5:7 Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy.
Matt.5:9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the
children of God.
Rom.12:18 If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably
with all men.
Luke 6:36 Be ye therefore merciful, as your Father also is merciful.
1 Pet.3:8 Finally, be ye all of one mind, having compassion one of
another, love as brethren, be pitiful, be courteous:
Col.3:12 Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved,
bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness,
longsuffering;
Rom.12:10 Be kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love; in
honour preferring one another;
Rom.12:15 Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that
weep.
(c)
Exod.23:5 If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under his
burden, and wouldest forbear to help him, thou shalt surely help with
him.
(d)
Matt.5:44 But I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse
you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which
despitefully use you, and persecute you;
Matt.5:45 That ye may be the children of your Father which is in
heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and
sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust.
Rom.12:20 Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst,
give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his
head.
Rom.12:21 Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.
41. Lord's Day
Q. 108.
What does the seventh commandment teach us?
A.
That all uncleanness is accursed of God: (a)
and that therefore
we must with all our hearts detest the same, (b)
and live chastely and temperately, (c)
whether in holy wedlock, or in single life. (d)
(a)
Lev.18:27 (For all these abominations have the men of the land done,
which were before you, and the land is defiled;)
Lev.18:28 That the land spue not you out also, when ye defile it, as
it spued out the nations that were before you.
(b)
Jude 1:23 And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire;
hating even the garment spotted by the flesh.
(c)
1 Thess.4:3 For this is the will of God, even your sanctification,
that ye should abstain from fornication:
1 Thess.4:4 That every one of you should know how to possess his
vessel in sanctification and honour;
1 Thess.4:5 Not in the lust of concupiscence, even as the Gentiles
which know not God:
(d)
Heb.13:4 Marriage is honourable in all, and the bed undefiled: but
whoremongers and adulterers God will judge.
1 Cor.7:7 For I would that all men were even as I myself. But every
man hath his proper gift of God, one after this manner, and another
after that.
1 Cor.7:8 I say therefore to the unmarried and widows, It is good for
them if they abide even as I.
1 Cor.7:9 But if they cannot contain, let them marry: for it is better
to marry than to burn.
1 Cor.7:27 Art thou bound unto a wife? seek not to be loosed. Art thou
loosed from a wife? seek not a wife.
Q. 109.
Does God forbid in this commandment,
only adultery, and such like gross sins?
A.
Since both our body and soul are temples of the holy Ghost,
he commands us to preserve them pure and holy:
therefore he forbids all unchaste actions,
gestures, words, (a)
thoughts, desires, (b)
and whatever can entice men thereto. (c)
(a)
Eph.5:3 But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it
not be once named among you, as becometh saints;
Eph.5:4 Neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor jesting, which
are not convenient: but rather giving of thanks.
1 Cor.6:18 Flee fornication. Every sin that a man doeth is without the
body; but he that committeth fornication sinneth against his own body.
1 Cor.6:19 What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy
Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?
1 Cor.6:20 For ye are bought with a price: therefore glorify God in
your body, and in your spirit, which are God's.
(b)
Matt.5:27 Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou
shalt not commit adultery:
Matt.5:28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to
lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.
(c)
Eph.5:18 And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled
with the Spirit;
1 Cor.15:33 Be not deceived: evil communications corrupt good manners.
42. Lord's Day
Q. 110.
What does God forbid in the eighth commandment?
A.
God forbids not only those thefts, (a)
and robberies, (b)
which are punishable by the magistrate;
but he comprehends under the name of theft
all wicked tricks and devices,
whereby we design to appropriate to ourselves
the goods which belong to our neighbour: (c)
whether it be by force, or under the appearance of right,
as by unjust weights, ells, measures, fraudulent merchandise, (d)
false coins, usury, (e)
or by any other way forbidden by God;
as also all covetousness, (f)
all abuse and waste of his gifts. (g)
(a)
1 Cor.6:10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor
extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
(b)
1 Cor.5:10 Yet not altogether with the fornicators of this world, or
with the covetous, or extortioners, or with idolaters; for then must
ye needs go out of the world.
Isa.33:1 Woe to thee that spoilest, and thou wast not spoiled; and
dealest treacherously, and they dealt not treacherously with thee!
when thou shalt cease to spoil, thou shalt be spoiled; and when thou
shalt make an end to deal treacherously, they shall deal treacherously
with thee.
(c)
Luke 3:14 And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what
shall we do? And he said unto them, Do violence to no man, neither
accuse any falsely; and be content with your wages.
1 Thess.4:6 That no man go beyond and defraud his brother in any
matter: because that the Lord is the avenger of all such, as we also
have forewarned you and testified.
(d)
Prov.11:1 A false balance is abomination to the LORD: but a just
weight is his delight.
Prov.16:11 A just weight and balance are the LORD'S: all the weights
of the bag are his work.
Ezek.45:9 Thus saith the Lord GOD; Let it suffice you, O princes of
Israel: remove violence and spoil, and execute judgment and justice,
take away your exactions from my people, saith the Lord GOD.
Ezek.45:10 Ye shall have just balances, and a just ephah, and a just
bath.
Ezek.45:11 The ephah and the bath shall be of one measure, that the
bath may contain the tenth part of an homer, and the ephah the tenth
part of an homer: the measure thereof shall be after the homer.
Ezek.45:12 And the shekel shall be twenty gerahs: twenty shekels, five
and twenty shekels, fifteen shekels, shall be your maneh.
Deut.25:13 Thou shalt not have in thy bag divers weights, a great and
a small.
Deut.25:14 Thou shalt not have in thine house divers measures, a great
and a small.
Deut.25:15 But thou shalt have a perfect and just weight, a perfect
and just measure shalt thou have: that thy days may be lengthened in
the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
Deut.25:16 For all that do such things, and all that do unrighteously,
are an abomination unto the LORD thy God.
(e)
Ps.15:5 He that putteth not out his money to usury, nor taketh reward
against the innocent. He that doeth these things shall never be moved.
Luke 6:35 But love ye your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for
nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the
children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthankful and to the
evil.
(f)
1 Cor.6:10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor
extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
(g)
Prov.23:20 Be not among winebibbers; among riotous eaters of flesh:
Prov.23:21 For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and
drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.
Prov.21:20 There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of
the wise; but a foolish man spendeth it up.
Q. 111.
But what does God require in this commandment?
A.
That I promote the advantage of my neighbour
in every instance I can or may;
and deal with him as I desire to be dealt with by others: (a)
further also
that I faithfully labour,
so that I may be able to relieve the needy. (b)
(a)
Matt.7:12 Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do
to you, do ye even so to them: for this is the law and the prophets.
(b)
Eph.4:28 Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labour,
working with his hands the thing which is good, that he may have to
give to him that needeth.
(continued in part 12...)
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